Establishment Of Underground Mining Parts
Sedimentary rocks offer grounds for excavation whereby geological materials, minerals and coal are found here. Such underground rocks provide underground mining parts. These parts are located in different areas since they contain different minerals. Some of the minerals include tin, lead, silver, nickel, iron and gold.
Underground mining can be done using different methods which is determined by size, orientation, type and shape of ore. Cut and fill method is used in steep dipping ores. It is limited to use of methods that have long hole. Drift and fill are used to drill wider zones of ores ensuring that the zones are fully mined.
There are either shallow mines or deeper mines. Gold mines are done in deeper depths that exceed 3900 meters. Also uranium and other hard rock mines require deep mining methods. There are areas with caved with their walls filled with minerals. Those ores that are mined in great depth contain open stopes that hold bulk ores that are of large amounts.
There deep methods used in mining of coal, boreholes are used to recover minerals from the ground surface. The excavating is done once the minerals are found in deep areas beyond economic depth such as open pits. Thin deposits require relatively high capital to remove the minerals in slopes. Open pit mining is one of the methods that are done by use of a shaft. The shaft is used to reach the ore-body.
Raising the minerals upwards is done using drifts and some upward passages. To get to the lowest levels of mines you need the shafts to be dug downwards. Pumping, ventilation and haulage are ways of getting pillars of ores that are lying between the stopes. Unmined minerals are left in the stopes and allow excavation once extracting starts. Large scale extraction breaks the ores into small blocks, panels or slices.
Sampling, drilling and rock testing are used in to explore bulk deposits. Blind tunnel is used to cut the minerals deposits. Multipurpose shafts are used to drill large mines. These large mines are arrived at by use of inclining and declining portals. Strong ores are extracted using methods that are of high cost while weak ores are extracted using low cost methods. Rock bolting is one of these equipment that makes the method expensive.
There are various phases that are undergone while carrying out underground extraction. These include mine operations, exploration and feasibility, construction and planning and also closure. Activities that occur in underground parts include excavating, grinding, dewatering, crushing and separation. In all the stages water and rocks must be removed and separated completely. Then there is final processing and extraction.
The mine has a head with a shaft which as well acts as an elevator. At the bottom is a sump sits with various horizontal channels from the main head leading to various areas of the ore body. Various levels of ore are accessed using ramps. A crusher employed to crush the ores while a drifter is used to dig the minerals located in lower parts. Air is required for ventilation, it allows fresh air to move around the underground caves while separation and dewatering is being done.
Underground mining can be done using different methods which is determined by size, orientation, type and shape of ore. Cut and fill method is used in steep dipping ores. It is limited to use of methods that have long hole. Drift and fill are used to drill wider zones of ores ensuring that the zones are fully mined.
There are either shallow mines or deeper mines. Gold mines are done in deeper depths that exceed 3900 meters. Also uranium and other hard rock mines require deep mining methods. There are areas with caved with their walls filled with minerals. Those ores that are mined in great depth contain open stopes that hold bulk ores that are of large amounts.
There deep methods used in mining of coal, boreholes are used to recover minerals from the ground surface. The excavating is done once the minerals are found in deep areas beyond economic depth such as open pits. Thin deposits require relatively high capital to remove the minerals in slopes. Open pit mining is one of the methods that are done by use of a shaft. The shaft is used to reach the ore-body.
Raising the minerals upwards is done using drifts and some upward passages. To get to the lowest levels of mines you need the shafts to be dug downwards. Pumping, ventilation and haulage are ways of getting pillars of ores that are lying between the stopes. Unmined minerals are left in the stopes and allow excavation once extracting starts. Large scale extraction breaks the ores into small blocks, panels or slices.
Sampling, drilling and rock testing are used in to explore bulk deposits. Blind tunnel is used to cut the minerals deposits. Multipurpose shafts are used to drill large mines. These large mines are arrived at by use of inclining and declining portals. Strong ores are extracted using methods that are of high cost while weak ores are extracted using low cost methods. Rock bolting is one of these equipment that makes the method expensive.
There are various phases that are undergone while carrying out underground extraction. These include mine operations, exploration and feasibility, construction and planning and also closure. Activities that occur in underground parts include excavating, grinding, dewatering, crushing and separation. In all the stages water and rocks must be removed and separated completely. Then there is final processing and extraction.
The mine has a head with a shaft which as well acts as an elevator. At the bottom is a sump sits with various horizontal channels from the main head leading to various areas of the ore body. Various levels of ore are accessed using ramps. A crusher employed to crush the ores while a drifter is used to dig the minerals located in lower parts. Air is required for ventilation, it allows fresh air to move around the underground caves while separation and dewatering is being done.